Several metal catalysts are commonly used in hydrogenation reactions, such as Pd/C, Pd(OH)2, Raney Ni, Pt/C, PtO2, etc. Sparks can easily appear when these metal catalysts are rubbed against air, and fires are likely to occur in the presence of organic solvents. In order to avoid fire, the following points can be considered:

I. Reduce the activity of the catalyst, the common operation method on the addition of water, due to most of the catalytic hydrogenation reaction is not sensitive to water, the palladium carbon commonly used in the laboratory are generally wet palladium carbon (containing about 50% water), wet palladium carbon operation is relatively safe, but the weighing or charging process may also catch fire;

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2.  isolate from oxygen. Oxygen is required for the combustion of organic solvents, so the use of inert gas to displace the reaction vessel before adding the catalyst can effectively avoid fire;

3. Avoid friction, the catalyst is highly active, friction is easy to spark, and then cause fire, so try to avoid friction between the catalyst and the gas or weighing paper during the weighing, dosing, sampling and filtration process.