Coconut shell activated carbon is an activated carbon made from coconut shells. It has the characteristics of strong adsorption performance, low ash content and high strength, environmental protection and renewability. It is widely used in various industries. The production process of coconut shell activated carbon mainly includes three steps: carbonization, activation and post-treatment. The specific process is as follows:
One: Raw material pretreatment
Select coconut shells with high maturity and few impurities--remove foreign matter--crush---dry
Crushing coconut shells into uniform small pieces can improve carbonization efficiency. Natural drying or drying (moisture content controlled below 10%) reduces energy consumption.
Two: Carbonization (high temperature pyrolysis)
At a temperature of 400-600℃ (anoxic environment to prevent combustion), a rotary kiln, vertical carbonization furnace or fluidized bed furnace is used. Coconut shells decompose at high temperatures, volatiles (tar, wood vinegar, etc.) are discharged, and the remaining solid matter forms "carbonized material" (primary carbon). This stage mainly forms a preliminary pore structure, but the adsorption capacity is weak.

 

 

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Three: Activation
1. Physical activation method (water vapor/CO₂ activation)
At a temperature of 800-1000℃, high-temperature water vapor or CO₂ is introduced to react with the carbon surface for oxidation (C + H₂O → CO + H₂) to expand the pores. After several hours to dozens of hours, the activation depth is controlled. A developed microporous structure is formed with a specific surface area of ​​1000-1500㎡/g.
2. Chemical activation method (phosphoric acid/zinc chloride, etc.)
Before carbonization, coconut shells are soaked in phosphoric acid (or ZnCl₂) solution, and then activated at high temperature after drying. Rich pores can be generated at low temperature (400-600℃), but subsequent acid washing is required to remove the residue.
Four: Post-processing process
Crushing and screening: Made into granules (such as 4-8 mesh, 8-16 mesh) or powder (above 200 mesh) according to the needs.
Washing: Chemical activation method requires acid/water washing to neutral pH, and physical law directly washes away ash.
Drying: Drying at 100-120℃, moisture ≤10%.
Packaging: Moisture-proof and sealed to avoid adsorption of impurities in the air.
According to the needs of different industries, coconut shell granular activated carbon, coconut shell columnar activated carbon, and coconut shell powdered activated carbon are made.